Genetic and biochemical pathways of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
β‐Cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetic patients are insulin resistant as a result of obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. Nevertheless, it has been known for the past five decades that insulin response to nutrients is markedly diminished in type 2 diabetes. There is now a consensus that impaired glucose regulation cannot develop without insulin deficiency. First-phase insulin response to glucose is lost very early in t...
متن کاملβ-Cell Failure in Type 2 Diabetes: Postulated Mechanisms and Prospects for Prevention and Treatment
OBJECTIVE This article examines the foundation of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and suggests areas for future research on the underlying mechanisms that may lead to improved prevention and treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A group of experts participated in a conference on 14-16 October 2013 cosponsored by the Endocrine Society and the American Diabetes Association. A writing g...
متن کاملMitochondrial Dysfunction and β-Cell Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common human endocrine disease and is characterized by peripheral insulin resistance and pancreatic islet β-cell failure. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction is a central contributor to β-cell failure in the evolution of T2DM. As reviewed elsewhere, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by β-cell mitochondria as a result of...
متن کاملβ-Cell Failure in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case of Asking Too Much of Too Few?
The islet in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by a deficit in β-cells, increased β-cell apoptosis, and extracellular amyloid deposits derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). In the absence of longitudinal studies, it is unknown if the low β-cell mass in T2DM precedes diabetes onset (is a risk factor for diabetes) or develops as a consequence of the disease process. Although insuli...
متن کاملAn islet in distress: β cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Over 200 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, a disorder of glucose homeostasis. The majority of these individuals are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It has traditionally been thought that tissue resistance to the action of insulin is the primary defect in type 2 diabetes. However, recent longitudinal and genome-wide association studies have shown that insulin resistance is more like...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1462-8902,1463-1326
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01115.x